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Brazil’s water distribution systems usually present a high percentage of so-called physical losses, of which a significant portion is caused by leakage. Therefore, it is of fundamental importance, not only from a financial standpoint – in terms of the pumped and chemically treated water – but also particularly from that of the preservation of this natural resource, to effectively control leakage and the systems’ behavior under several operational conditions. In order to gain a better understanding of the real behavior of a water distribution network, several calibration techniques, including models to evaluate leakage, have been proposed. Those models normally consider the correlation between pressure and leakage, as well as the interdependence of pressure and demand in response to the varying levels of pressure in a water distribution system. The present study seeks to extend these models through the development of a computational routine based on leakage and on pressuredependent demand, in conjunction with the hydraulic simulator EPANET 2 (Rossman, 2000), using the data from a hypothetical network to calibrate the absolute roughness and parameters of the leakage model. To this end, inverse models are used based on the technology of Genetic Algorithms (GAs) and the hybrid procedure (GAs and Simplex Method Nelder and Mead, 1965). Comparisons between both two optimization models have been performed, demonstrating hybridization advantages in terms of computational processing time and improved solutions.

rbrh

Calibração de Modelos de Redes de Distribuição de Água Utilizando Modelo de Simulação Hidráulica Dirigido pela Pressão (MSHDP) e Método Híbrido AG-Simplex