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The iterative hydraulic gradient method is an indirect inverse method for estimation of hydraulic parameters as aquifer transmissivity or hydraulic conductivity for groundwater flow model. In this method, the inverse problem is defined as an optimization problem with the objective function to minimize differences between interpolated (observed) and simulated (calculated) hydraulic gradients, which results in a simultaneous minimization of differences between observed and simulated hydraulic heads. The key feature of this method is its clear hydrology concept that is consistent with Darcy’s law and its spatially independence of optimality conditions. Because of the spatial independence, a multidimensional optimization problem can be solved by many one-dimensional optimizations procedures simultaneously, which reduces substantially the computation time and allow an unlimited number of the estimated parameters while traditional inverse technique encounters difficulty in bypassing the convergence problem in the often ill-posed linear system. In this study an alternative approach of the hydraulic gradient procedure is presented and tested successfully on a heterogeneous hypothetical aquifer system confirming that minimizing gradient residuals in the entire model domain leads to minimizing head residuals too. The simulated example demonstrates that the iterative method of hydraulic gradient is efficient and practical to be used for estimation of hydraulic parameters in complex real-world modeling projects. Key-works: hydraulic conductivity; aquifer system.

rbrh

Uma Formulação Alternativa do Método Interativo de Gradiente Hidráulico no Procedimento de Calibração dos Parâmetros Hidrodinâmicos do Sistema Aqüífero