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Growth is an important factor to understand the management of forest and forest cover (Worrell and Malcolm, 1990a,b). The maximum age of plant species can be strongly affected by the growth stipulation (Castagneriet al., 2013). In the radial growth of trees, annual rings are the sensitive indicator for age and growth (Warming and Pitman, 1985). The vegetation is dynamic because it is constantly degraded by anthropogenic and natural disturbance, which dramatically alter the structure and survival of the forest (Boisvenue and Running, 2006; Abrams and Nowacki, 2008). The age structure of trees also plays a vital role on population dynamics. The tree age distribution would be helpful for the management of forest and increasing of recruitments (Agren and Zackrisson, 1990). Additionally, fast growth rates and large diameter size of plant species seem clearly to benefit the vigor of trees (Lanner, 2002). Age and growth rates are widely used in silviculture, ecology and forestry. Hence age and growth rate are the important attribute of the forest structure which are very useful to understand the forest dynamics and improvement of forest management, but there is no reported investigation of age and growth rates carried out from Central Karakoram National Park region so far, therefore this study investigates the age and growth rates of Picea smithiana forest from Stak valley of CKNP which may be helpful in forest management, ecology and silviculture.

pakistan journal of agricultural sciences

AGROFORESTRY PRACTICES IN RELATION TO THE AGE AND GROWTH RATE PATTERNS OF Picea smithiana USING MODERN TECHNIQUES OF DENDROCHRONOLGY FROM ISTAK VALLEY OF CENTRAL KARAKORAM NATIONAL PARK (CKNP) GILGIT-