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Aims: The possibility of using Mucor racemosus cells in the biotransformation of progesterone to industrially important hydroxysteroid derivatives in one-step biotransformation process was investigated in this study Methodology and results: The fungal strain was inoculated into the transformation medium which supplemented with PR as a substrate (5-50 mg). The transformation products were separated and characterized on the bases of their GC/MS analysis as 11α-hydroxyprogesterone (11α-HP) as main product (I); 4-pregnen-18-al-11β,21-diol-3,20-dione (Aldosterone) (II) and 20-hydroxy-pregnan-18-oic acid (III) as minor products. The organism was tested for PR bioconversion at different transformation periods (6-96 h), as well as optimization of the basal medium through the addition of different concentrations of yeast extract and peptone (0.5 to 4 g/L) at various pH values (4-9). The optimal biotransformation conditions for maximum production of these PR derivatives were observed using 0.2 g/L of PR, 3 g/L of yeast extract and 3 g/L peptone after 48 h at pH value 5.5. Under these optimal conditions, cells total bioconversion efficiency reached about 96% of the original added PR. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Under these optimum conditions, M. racemosus has the ability to biotransform PR to 11α-HP (I), Aldosterone (II) and 20-hydroxy- pregnan-18-oic acid (III) with total bioconversion efficiency of 96 ± 1.77%. These results may be of industrial importance because compounds II and III had not been previously recorded as biotransformation products of PR.

Biotransformation of progesterone to hydroxysteroid derivatives by whole cells of Mucor racemosus