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Agglutinations with cross reactions between red blood cells and blood-tying antibodies in a short fused-silica capillary tubing (50 μm inner diameter and ca. 10 mm in length) were observed by an optical microscope-CCD camera system. The total volume in the capillary was only about 20 nl. The cross reaction was induced by using of counter electrophoretic migrations between red blood cells and the antibody under an applied electric voltage. Since the microscopic magnification was 1000 times, each red blood cell could be clearly observed. The blood typing procedure was as follows: after 50-times diluted whole blood cells were introduced into a capillary, both ends of the capillary were sealed with 1% agarose gels in order to suppress any pressurized flow in the capillary. Then, a direct electric voltage was applied (24 V) to the capillary. The red blood cells migrate toward the positive electrode against electroosmotic flow, while the blood plasma migrated toward to the negative electrode. The blood antibody in the reservoir of the positive electrode was introduced through the stopper of the agarose gel, following a cross-reaction with the red blood cells. Agglutination of some of the red blood cells was observed with a CCD camera and recorded on video-tape. The operation period took only 5 min. This new blood typing was performed using whole blood of nl volume. 短い溶融石英キャピラリー管(内径50μm,長さ10mm)中に全血を入れて電場(2030V)を印加すると,血球成分と血しょう成分に分離できる.分離された血球成分に赤血球抗体試薬を向流により会合させると,抗原抗体反応が生じない場合には血球成分の凝集は認められず,抗原抗体反応が生じると血球の凝集が認められる.これにより血液型の判定ができた.これらの観察は顕微鏡下で行われるので凝集のレベルは数個の血球集団が生じるかによって判定できた.検査に供された希釈された全血を含む溶液は約20nlの極微量であり,操作時間は約5分で,顕微鏡での観察はCCDカメラ,ビデオ記録を併用した.本法は迅速,極微量の全血を用いる新たな血液型判定法として用いることができる

Novel method of blood typing by cell capillary electrophoresis under microscopic observation.