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A novel method for the analysis of nalbuphine hydrochloride (NAL) is reported based on its enhancement effect on a diperiodatoargentate(III)-rhodamine-B (Ag(III) complex-Rh-B) chemiluminescence (CL) system in an aqueous sulfuric acid medium using flow-injection analysis (FIA). The optimal conditions of the CL reaction were: sulfuric acid, 10 -2 M; Ag(III) complex, 2.0 × 10 -4 M; Rh-B, 2.0 × 10 -5 M; Brij-35, 0.01%; sample loop volume, 300 μL; and flow rate, 3.0 mL/min/stream. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.001 and 0.003 mg/L (S/N = 3 and 10); linear calibration range, 5 × 10 -3 - 5.0 mg/L (R 2 = 0.9999) and injection throughput, 150/h. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was from 0.8 - 3.2% over the range studied. The suggested technique was applied for the determination of NAL in pharmaceutical injections, compared with a reported spectrophotometric method, and obtained results were found to be satisfactory. Based on spectrophotometric studies, the most probable mechanism of the CL reaction has been briefly described and drawn schematically.

analytical sciences

Determination of Nalbuphine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Diperiodatoargentate(III)-Rhodamine-B Chemiluminescence System by Flow Injection Analysis