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Photoresponsive cellulose p-phenylazobenzoates (AB-celluloses) with degrees of substitution (DS) of 2.2 2.9 were prepared by repeated reactions of cellulose powders with p-phenylazobenzoyl chlo. ride. The AB-celluloses were found to be soluble in some organic solvents and form lyotropic liquid crys. talline phase at the concentrations higher than a certain critical concentration. The critical concentration in tetrahydrofuran was higher than that in less polar chloroform, and it decreased with increasing DS of the AB-cellulose. The critical concentration was found to increase 3 to 5 wt% with UV light irradiation. The ordered structure once formed at the concentrations slightly higher than the critical concentration dis appeared with UV light irradiation, and then on standing after interruption of the irradiation it restored again, although not perfectly. The change in the critical concentration with UV light irradiation and disap. pearance of the ordered structure thereby were explained by the isomerization of azobenzene moiety in the AB-cellulose from trans to more polar cis from. When the AB-cellulose was irradiated with UV light for a short time, the ordered structure continued to decrease even after the interruption of irradiation. The time required for perfect disappearance of the ordered structure after interruption of the UV light irradiation decreased with increasing irradiation time and reached zero at a certain time depending on the concen tration of the AB-cellulose; the time required for the disappearance increased with increasing concen tration of the AB-cellulose.

Photoregulation of liquid crystalline phase of cellulose containing azobenzene moiety.