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Cotton and amorphous cellulose were metallated with alkali metal methoxide in pure methanol or in a mixed solvent consisting of methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (1:1 v/v). The metallated celluloses were allowed to graft-copolymerize with acrylamide (AAm) and its methyl-derivatives (methacrylamide (MAAm) and crotonamide (CAm)) in various solvents by the anionic mechanism. In the metallation reaction of celluloses, the degree of metallation of celluloses increased with increasing DMSO content in the metallation solution, that is, with increasing the degree of swelling of celluloses. Higher degree of metallation was obtained at lower methoxide concentration by using DMSO as the solvent of methoxide solution. In the demetallation reaction of the metallated celluloses with various alcohols (ROH), the degree of demetallation decreased with increasing the electron-donating effect of the R group of alcohols. Consequently, the log of the degree of metallation was related to the Taft polar substituent constant _??_ of the R group of alcohols. In the graft-polymerization of AAm onto the metallated celluloses, solvents with lower dielectric constant were favorable for the graft-polymerization. Both the total graft-on and the graft-on via transition polymerization vs. the degree of metallation plots had maxima at 0.3_??_0.5 mol/AGU (AGU: glucose unit). Their maximum values decreased with increasing the dielectric constant of solvents and were not affected by kinds of the alkali metals. The total graft-on and the graft-on via transition polymerization of MAAm and CAm showed less than one tenth of those of AAm, and were in the sequence AAm_??_CAm>MAAm. Apparent activation energies of the graft-polymerization were 7_??_8kcal/mol for the Na-metallated cotton treated in pyridine and tetrachloroethylene. The occurrence of graft-polymerization was confirmed from IR spectra and thin-layer chromatography of the grafted celluloses.

ALKALI-METALLATION OF CELLULOSE AND ANIONIC TRANSITION GRAFT-COPOLYMERIZATION OF THE METALLATED CELLULOSE WITH ACRYLAMIDE AND ITS METHYL-DERIVATIVES