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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are individual risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Abnormal hemorheology may be associated with CVD in both disorders. The present study investigated the impact of MetS and CKD on hemorheology. We studied 138 adults (women/men=63/75, mean age=52.2 years), who included 87 participants with MetS and 33 with CKD. The hemorheology was assessed by the index of 'whole blood passage time (WBPT)' using the Micro Channel array Flow ANalyzer (MC-FAN). The WBPT values of MetS participants were significantly higher than those of non-MetS participants (52.5±13.1 vs. 46.3±7.7 sec, p=0.03). The WBPT values of CKD participants were significantly higher than those of non- CKD (55.5±12.7 vs. 48.6±11.0 sec, p=0.003). The significant influence of MetS and CKD on WBPT was qualified by their effect modification to WBPT (p=0.04). There was a significantly greater influence of the combination of MetS and CKD on WBPT (59.9±13.4 sec) in comparison to the influence of non-MetS and CKD (46.6±3.5) or non-CKD and MetS (50.0±12.2). The influence of the combination of MetS and CKD was clearer in men, relative to women. Abnormal hemorheology as assessed using MC-FAN may be enhanced by the combination of MetS and CKD.

The Influence of Metabolic Syndrome and Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemorheology Assessed by the Microchannel Method