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We have succeeded in synthesizing Li1+x−yNb1−x−3yTix+4yO3 solid solutions (0.11 ≤ x ≤ 0.18, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.09) having a superstructure by millimeter-wave heating for only 1 h. Synthesizing temperatures were attempted in the range from 873 to 1273 K. A homogeneous LNT solid solution with a superstructure was formed above 1173 K. Such LNT solid solutions were characterized using X-ray diffraction, a scanning electron microscope, and a transmission electron microscope (TEM) from micro-scale to nano-scale. Element analysis revealed that the superstructure was formed by periodical insertion of intergrowth layers with a high concentration of Ti ions. The structural stability of the LNT solid solution was estimated by a first-principles calculation. The results revealed that the structure was stable due to the formation of the superstructure, which is composed through an anisotropic arrangement of the Ti ions.

Rapid synthesis and structural analysis of Li-Nb-Ti-O solid solutions with superstructure by millimeter-wave heating