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A new hydrogen sensor based on the thermoelectric oxide of Li- and Na-doped NiO has been fabricated using the screen printing method. The thermoelectric hydrogen sensor, Pt/NiO/alumina, showed voltage signal and built-up temperature difference for 1% H2/ air mixture gas. At 25°C, the voltage signal and temperature difference were 0.079mV and 0.15°C, respectively, and the signal-to-noise ratio was 16. The increase in operating temperature up to the range of 85-150°C made the catalytic activity more stable, and the response characteristics were also improved. A very clear voltage signal of 1mV for 1% hydrogen gas was observed, and the sensor showed extremely small temperature dependence. The sensor possesses a good linear relationship between the voltage signal and the gas concentration at this operating temperature range.The lower detection limit of the sensor was found to be below 250ppm, and the sensor provides an output level of 0.1 to 10mV, which corresponds to practical gas concentrations of hundred ppm order to several percent with a high signal-to-noise ratio. From these results, we conclude that this sensor is the most promising candidate for fast and affordable hydrogen leakage detectors for fuel cell driving systems.

Li- and Na-Doped NiO Thick Film for Thermoelectric Hydrogen Sensor.