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Lichens are commonly used as indicator species of air pollution because of their sensitivity to prolonged exposure to sulphur dioxide, copper, zinc, arsenic, and lead from air pollution. The present study examines the incidence and abundance of lichens at varying distances from two roadways in Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario: one with a high traffic volume, the other with a negligible traffic volume. Incidence was defined as the ratio of individuals to available habitats, while abundance was simply a count of individuals in a given space. The study found that lichen abundance did not vary significantly in relation to distance from the highway in either setting. Incidence, on the other hand, was found to increase with distance from the highway in the high-traffic site, while no such relationship was found in the low-traffic site. Obtained results suggest that incidence may be a relevant and practical measure of air quality in biomonitoring work.

Incidence and abundance of epiphytic and epigeic lichens in response to highway traffic in Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario