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Cabai merah merupakan komoditas sayuran utama yang memiliki nilai permintaan tinggi di masyarakat Indonesia sehingga ketersediaannya harus terus dilakukan termasuk upaya peningkatan produksi. Penggunaan varietas unggul spesifik lokasi memberi kontribusi cukup besar terhadap peningkatan produksi sayuran secara nasional. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan keragaan pertumbuhan tiga varietas cabai merah lokal spesifik lokasi termasuk melihat keunggulannya dibandingkan dengan cabai merah varietas lainnya yang sudah beredar di pasar. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Berastagi, Kecamatan Dolat Rayat, Kabupaten Karo, Provinsi Sumatera Utara, dengan ketinggian tempat 1.340 m dpl dan jenis tanah Andisol. Kegiatan dilakukan sejak bulan Juni 2015 sampai dengan Maret 2016. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima kali ulangan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi karakterisasi dan keragaan pertumbuhan tanaman tiga cabai merah calon varietas lokal (Batang Ungu, Batang Ungu-Hijau, Batang Hijau) dan pembanding (Kencana dan Rampati). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga cabai merah varietas lokal memiliki perbedaan pada umur masa pertumbuhan. Pertumbuhan vegetatif cabai merah Batang Ungu dan Batang Ungu-Hijau berlangsung sampai umur 9 bulan setelah tanam, sedangkan cabai merah Batang Hijau hanya sampai umur 7 BST. Penampilan secara visual tanaman cabai merah Batang Ungu, Batang Ungu-Hijau, dan Rampati lebih tinggi, sedangkan cabai merah Batang Hijau lebih rendah namun diameter kanopi lebih lebar, sedangkan cabai merah Kencana lebih sempit. Waktu mulai berproduksi cabai merah Batang Ungu dan Batang Ungu-Hijau 1 bulan lebih lama dibandingkan cabai merah lainnya. Hasil per tanaman secara umum menunjukkan bahwa cabai merah Batang Ungu lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan batang Ungu-Hijau, Batang Hijau, Rampati, dan Kencana, di mana total hasil per tanaman secara berurutan masing-masing adalah 1.183,15 g; 1.036,56 g; 700,55 g; 809,88 g ,dan 365,12 g. Hasil uji preferensi terhadap tanaman cabai merah di lapangan memperlihatkan bahwa cabai merah Batang Ungu dan Batang Ungu-Hijau memiliki tampilan keseluruhan dan bentuk/warna daun yang sangat bagus, sedangkan untuk kriteria tinggi tanaman, luas kanopi/tajuk, dan jumlah cabang tergolong bagus. Cabai merah Batang Hijau untuk setiap kriteria tergolong baik. Hasil uji preferensi terhadap buah cabai merah memperlihatkan bahwa cabai merah Batang Ungu, Batang Ungu-Hijau, Batang Hijau, dan varietas Kencana tergolong baik dilihat dari tampilan keseluruhan, yaitu ukuran, warna, bentuk, dan tekstur kulit buah. Keywords Capsicum annum L.; Karakterisasi; Pertumbuhan; Hasil; Spesifik lokasi Abstract Hot pepper is the main vegetable crops that have the highest demand value in Indonesian society, so that their availability should be continue to be made, including efforts to increase production. Using the best varieties specific location is giving a substantial contribution to the improvement of the national vegetable production. The research aims to identify characterize and performance of the growth of three varieties of local hot pepper specific locations including recognition its superiority compared to other varieties of hot pepper that have been released and are available in the market. The research conducted at Berastagi experimental farm, District Dolat Rayat, Karo, North Sumatera, with a height of 1,340 m above sea level (asl.) and the type of soil is Andisol, the activities conducted in June 2015 until March 2016. The design used was a randomized block design, consist of six treatments with five replications. The activities conducted on characterization and growth performance of three hot pepper plant local varieties (Purple Stems, Purple-Green Stems, Green Stem) and plant comparison (Rampati and Kencana). The result showed that three hot pepper local varieties differ in the age of infancy. Hot pepper vegetative growth of Purple Stems and Purple-Green Stems lasted until 9 month after planting (MAP), while the hot pepper Green Stem, growth only until the age of 7 MAP. Visual performance of hot pepper with Purple Stem, Purple-Green Stems, and Rampati variety have higher growth, the hot pepper Green Stems lower but the canopy diameter is wider, while the Kencana variety is narrower. The hot pepper Stems Purple And Purple-Green Stems harvest beginning one month longer than another. Generally, yielding per plant of hot pepper Purple Stem higher than the Purple-Green Stems, Green Stem, Rampati, and Kencana, where the total yield of each was 1,183.15 g; 1,036.56 g; 700.55 g; 809.88 g; and 365.12 g. The result of the preference for hot pepper plants in the field shows that hot pepper Stems Purple and Purple-Green Stems have the all performance and shape/color of the leaves is very good, while the criteria for plant height, diameter canopy, and the number of branches is quite good. Hot pepper Green Stem for each criterion is quite good. The result of the preference for hot peppers shows that hot pepper Stem Purple, Purple-Green Stems, Green Stems, and Kencana varieties quite good views from the overall appearance, size, color, shape, and texture of the skin of the fruit.

jurnal hortikultura

Karakterisasi dan Keragaan Pertumbuhan Tiga Klon Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) Lokal (Characterization and Growth Performance of Three Clone of Local Hot Pepper)