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Budidaya bawang merah di Sulawesi Selatan selama ini masih menggunakan umbi lokal sebagai benih. Penggunaan umbi secara terus menerus sebagai benih dapat menyebabkan penurunan produksi. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, yaitu dengan menggunakan biji botani (true shallot seed/TSS). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan varietas bawang merah yang mampu menghasilkan biji botani (TSS) di atas 1 g per rumpun. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Loka, Kecamatan Rumbia, Kabupaten Jeneponto mulai bulan Maret hingga September 2015. Penelitian disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat perlakuan varietas dan diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas yang menghasilkan biji terbanyak adalah Trisula dan Pancasona masing-masing dengan bobot 4,90 g dan 4,18 g per rumpun, dengan persentase tanaman berbunga masing-masing 93% dan 90%. Berbeda dengan varietas Maja Cipanas dan Mentes yang menghasilkan biji masing-masing 1,85 g dan 1,49 g, sedangkan persentase tanaman yang berbunga pada varietas Maja Cipanas hanya 60% dan varietas Mentes 30%. Dua varietas bawang merah, yaitu Trisula dan Pancasona dapat direkomendasikan sebagai penghasil benih TSS bawang merah di dataran tinggi kering Sulawesi Selatan. Analisis R/C ratio usaha tani bawang merah dalam menghasilkan TSS adalah 1,3, yang berarti bahwa produksi benih TSS layak diusahakan. Keywords Bawang merah; Biji botani; Varietas Abstract Shallot cultivation in South Sulawesi has been using local tubers as seeds. The continuous use of tubers as seed can cause a decrease in production. One effort to overcome this problem is by using botanical seeds (true shallot seed/TSS). The research aims to shallot varieties that are capable of producing botanical seeds (TSS) above 1 g per clump. The research was conducted in Loka Village, Rumbia District, Jeneponto Regency from March to September 2015. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four treatments varieties, and three replications. The results showed that the varieties that produce the most seeds were Trisula and Pancasona weighing 4.90 g and 4.18 g per clump respectively, with the percentage of flowering plants 93% and 90% respectively. In contrast to the Maja Cipanas and Mentes varieties which produced seeds of 1.85 g and 1.49 g respectively, but the percentage of plants flowering in the Maja Cipanas variety only 60% and the Mentes variety was 30%. Two shallot varieties namely Trisula and Pancasona can be recommended as producers of shallot TSS seeds in the dry highlands of South Sulawesi. R/C ratio analysis of shallot farming in producing TSS was 1.3, which means that TSS seed production is worth to effort.

jurnal hortikultura

Uji Potensi Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah untuk Menghasilkan Biji Botani di Dataran Tinggi Sulawesi Selatan (Test Potential for Some Variety to Produce True Shallot Seed in Highland South Sulawesi)