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The high mechanical strength and low density of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) make them ideal candidates to be incorporated into composites to increase their mechanical strength. This work investigated the effect of process parameters on the energy dissipation and other mechanical properties of forests of carbon nanotubes grown on various substrates by synthesizing vertically aligned CNT forests under the same conditions using three different carbon sources: m-xylene, toluene, and benzene. Results indicate that substituents on the benzene ring increase entanglement in the CNT forests. When compressed to a strain of 0.67, the toluene CNTs absorbed more energy than the m-xylene CNTs. Vertically aligned forests of CNTs were also synthesized to study their quasi-static mechanical properties in a layered configuration with metallization. The top and bottom surfaces of CNT forests were metalized with Ag, Fe, and In using paste, sputtering, and thermal evaporation, respectively. Stacks of one, two, and three layers of these forests were assembled and compressed to measure their mechanical properties. Successive stacking of CNT forests was found to reduce global buckling events, which is enhanced with a thick Ag deposition on the CNT forest surface. Young’s modulus increased as the number of layers was increased. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR. ERDC/CERL TR-16-18 iii

Energy Dissipation in Carbon Nanotube Forests through the Control of Morphology and Layered Forests with Intercalated Metal Films