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This Scientific Operating Procedure (SOP) provides a standard method for assessing the aquatic toxicity of insensitive munitions (IM) formulations or their single constituents using the larval stage of the freshwater fish Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow). The sole endpoint for the acute, 48-hour non-renewal test using P. promelas is survival. Exposure is conducted using larval P. promelas four to ten days old. The larval fish are exposed to a decreasing concentration series of IM compounds (e.g., 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, and 6% of the highest concentration) and to a negative control at 25 ± 1°C in 300 mL glass beakers containing 200 mL of test solution. For each concentration, four replicate beakers, each containing ten larvae are used. Water quality parameters are measured at the beginning and termination of the test. The tests are only valid when the mean survival for the control treatment is 90% or greater. Instructions and requirements are provided for handling P. promelas before and during the toxicity test, preparing aqueous mixtures, initiating and terminating 48-hour tests, maintaining appropriate test conditions, making necessary observations, water quality measurements, assessing the survival endpoint and obtaining samples for chemical analysis. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR.

Assessing Aquatic Toxicity of Insensitive Munitions (IM) compounds Using Larval Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas) : Scientific Operating Procedure Series : Characterization of IMX ecotoxicological effects