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The use of forage crops as cut and carry or to ensile is an alternative to reduce the negative effects of the dry season in the nutrition of cattle in dual cattle systems in the dry tropics. On the other hand, the use of legumes as green manure is an alternative to the use of chemical nitrogen (N) for fertilizing forage crops. To use legumes as green manures in an efficient way in cattle farms, it is necessary to select fast-growing productive legumes adapted to drought and to define alternative rotation practices with forage crops. Four legumes (Canavalia brasiliensis, Lablab purpureus, Vigna unguiculata, and Clitoria ternatea) two nitrogen levels (0 and 50); and two management practices (crop planted in the first or fourth month after incorporation of the green manure) were imposed and arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The highest yields (p<0.05) were obtained with C. brasiliensis (5201 Kg DM ha-1) and L. purpureus (5538 kg DM ha-1). The longer (4 months) time interval between the incorporation of the green manure and the planting of the forage crop, resulted in lower (p<0.05) levels of soil NO3 (14.5 to 22.1 mg kg-1) as compared to the one-month interval (22.7 to 41.9 mg kg-1) possibly due to the leaching that can result in the contamination of water sources. We conclude that C. purpureus and L. brasiliensis are legume options that can be used as green manure in dual purpose livestock systems in the dry tropics. The management of legume green manures evaluated did not affect the yield or quality of the maize forage crop used in rotation as an indicator, but could have differential environmental effects.

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Efecto de especies y manejo de abonos verdes de leguminosas en la producción y calidad de un cultivo forrajero utilizado en sistemas ganaderos del trópico seco