English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Pseudomembranous laryngotracheobronchitis is rarely reported yet potentially life-threatening infectious cause of airway obstruction in children. The causative organisms of this condition are often considered to promote bacterial superinfection following viral infection. We report a case of pseudomembranous laryngotracheobronchitis in a patient caused by human bocavirus 1 and Mycoplasma pneumoniae ( M. pneumoniae ). A 2-year-old child was admitted to our hospital presenting with cough, hoarseness, and labored breathing. Computed tomography of the chest revealed atelectasis of the right middle lobe of the lung with bronchostenosis and occlusion. Laryngeal edema, pseudomembrane formation and ulceration of the trachea were found during bronchoscopy. Chronic inflammation of the mucosa and local cellulose exudation with acute and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration were confirmed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Human bocavirus 1 and M. pneumoniae were detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by next-generation sequencing. The patient tested positive for IgM antibodies against M. pneumoniae . Bronchoscopy was performed three times to clear the secretions in the airway, and azithromycin, ceftriaxone, methylprednisolone, budesonide inhalation, and ambroxol were administered as treatment. The patient's condition improved and she was discharged 21 days after admission. Clinicians should be aware of the potential involvement of human bocavirus 1 and M. pneumoniae in pseudomembranous laryngotracheobronchitis for accurate diagnosis and timely antibiotic administration, and to lower mortality and morbidity rates.

Pseudomembranous laryngotracheobronchitis due to coinfection with human bocavirus 1 and Mycoplasma pneumoniae: a case report