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Lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF), first described in the literature in 2006 by Ozgur et al ., involves direct access to the lateral disc space via a retroperitoneal trans-psoas tubular approach. Neuromonitoring is vital during this approach since the surgical corridor traverses the psoas muscle where the lumbar plexus lies, risking injury to the lumbosacral plexus that could result in sensory or motor deficits. The risk of neurologic injury is especially higher at L4-5 due to the anatomy of the plexus at this level. Here we report our single-center clinical experience with L4-5 LLIF.

Complications associated with L4-5 anterior retroperitoneal trans- psoas interbody fusion: a single institution series