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Hodgkin’s lymphoma rarely involves the thyroid gland. This type of localization does not exceed 7% of all the diagnosed lymphomas. This rare disorder accounts for less than 5% of all thyroid malignancies and up to 7% of all extra nodal lymphomas. The authors report a new observation of an isolated and primary localisation of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in the thyroid gland. A 19-year-old woman without medical background admitted to emergency department for airway compression symptoms. Our patient presented a huge anterior cervical mass painless, with peripheral lymphadenopathy that was hard in consistency was identified. The cervical ultrasonography showed an enlarged left thyroid lobe and an isthmus having heterogenous parenchyma with multiple and peripheral lymphadenopathy infiltrating the lateral vascular axis of the neck. Patient underwent fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of both thyroid lesion and lymphadenopathy but it was not contributive. A surgical treatment by cervico-manubriotomy was initiated. Definitive histopathological examinations revealed a diagnosis of mixed cellularity typical of a Hodgkin’s lymphoma located at the thyroid gland. All symptoms have disappeared after total thyroidectomy, a few cures of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. With appropriate therapy, thyroid Hodgkin’s lymphoma is associated with favorable clinical outcome and prognosis. No recurrence was noted after 30-month follow-up.

A case report of an acute respiratory distress syndrome revealing a primary Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the thyroid: the role of primary surgery