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The achalasia is main motility disease of esophagus and is characterized by decrease of low esophageal sphincter and aperistalsis. The upper esophageal sphincter (UES) little studied, but with advent of high-resolution manometry (HRM) became of interest in the last years. This review addresses important topics of abnormalities and physiopathology of UES in the achalasia under the optics of HRM. The authors conducted a PubMed search looking for publications related achalasia, UES and HRM. The UES is altered in achalasia, with increase of its residual and basal pressure, that is related to the degree of esophageal pressurization. These abnormalities can be result or even the cause of esophageal body pressurization and can be directly related to a poor result of achalasia treatment. The function of UES is damaged in achalasia, and this can be part of pathophysiology of esophageal pressurization and influence prognostic of treatment.

A narrative review of the function of upper esophageal sphincter in the achalasia