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This study aims to describe and explain the form of language errors in the field of phonology, morphology, and syntax in the exposition essay of the student of X MIPA SMA N 4 Surakarta and describe the causes of language errors and efforts that can be done by teachers and students so that the Indonesian language error in the exposition essay by the students of X MIPA SMA N 4 Surakarta can be minimized. The research uses qualitative method with case study type. Research data in the form of Indonesian language error obtained through the exposition essay by the student of X MIPA and the data source used are documents and informants. Data collection technique conducted through observation, interviews, dan test. Data validity test used is triangulation method, informant review, dan intrarater. The result of this research are description of: (1) forms of language errors in the phonological field include capitalization misuse, misuse of punctuation, particle error, rewrite error, typographic error, and typing error; (2) the form of language error in the morphological field include mistakes of preposition, mistake of word formation, and error of pleonasm; (3) the form of language error in the syntax field include the phrase structure dan sentence structure; and (4) the factors causing the Indonesian language error not only comes from the students but also because of teacher and efforts that can be done to minimize language errors. Keywords: language error, exposition essay Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bentuk kesalahan berbahasa dalam karangan eksposisi siswa kelas X MIPA SMA N 4 Surakarta serta menjelaskan dan mendeskripsikan penyebab adanya kesalahan berbahasa dan upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh guru dan siswa agar kesalahan berbahasa Indonesia dalam karangan eksposisi siswa kelas X SMA N 4 Surakarta dapat diminimalisasi. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus dengan data penelitian berupa kesalahan berbahasa Indonesia dalam karangan eksposisi siswa kelas X MIPA. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Uji validitas data yang digunakan adalah triangulasi metode, review informan, dan intrarater. Hasil penelitian ini adalah deskripsi tentang: (1) bentuk kesalahan berbahasa meliputi kesalahan penggunaan huruf kapital, kesalahan penggunaan tanda baca, kesalahan penggunaan partikel, kesalahan penulisan kata ulang, kesalahan akibat tipografi, dan kesalahan penulisan kata baku; (2) bentuk kesalahan berbahasa pada bidang morfologi meliputi kesalahan penulisan kata depan, kesalahan penulisan kata bentukan, dan kesalahan akibat pleonasme; (3) bentuk kesalahan berbahasa pada bidang sintaksis meliputi kesalahan struktur frasa-struktur kalimat; dan (4) faktor penyebab terjadinya kesalahan berbahasa bukan hanya berasal dari siswa melainkan juga karena faktor guru. Kata kunci: kesalahan berbahasa, teks eksposisi

ANALISIS KESALAHAN BERBAHASA INDONESIA PADA KARANGAN EKSPOSISI SISWA KELAS X MIPA (STUDI KASUS DI SMA NEGERI 4 SURAKARTA)