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This article deals with the problem of the meanings attributed to didactic materials for the teaching of elementary mathematics, in the Brazilian context of the last years of the 19th century. More specifically, it analyzes the so-called multiple school apparatus, a set of resources, created and disseminated by the educator Abílio César Borges, the Baron of Macaúbas. The results indicate that in the context of the expansion of popular education in Brazil, the diffusion of this apparatus took place in private colleges. He expressed an appropriation of the intuitive method, aiming at materializing abstract aspects of school mathematics. The materiality of the didactic resource symbolized the modernization of the schooling of the time considered.

Materiais didáticos para o ensino da matemática no final do século XIX: um retorno à obra de Abílio César Borges