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ADICCIONES, 2015 · VOL. 27 NO. 1 · PAGES 3-7 with that of “heavy drinking”, which consists of 5 or more drinks per day or at one sitting, or 4 or more in the case of women (Volpicelli, Alterman, Hayashida, & O’Brien, 1992; O’Malley et al., 1992; Guardia et al., 2002). This progress, from any alcohol consumption at all being considered as relapse, to the acceptance of low-risk drinking as a criterion of improvement, is laying the bases for accepting the concept of reduced alcohol use as a valid outcome target for treatment programmes. Naltrexone was introduced as an anti-craving drug designed to bring about continuous abstinence from alcohol. However, few clinical trials have confirmed that naltrexone produces a clear reduction in craving, nor that it increases abstinence rates. However, several review studies and meta-analyses have concluded that its most notable therapeutic effect is the reduction of excessive alcohol use (Bouza, Magro, Muñoz, & Amate, 2004; Pettinati et al., 2006; Rösner et a., 2010). On the other hand, clinical experience shows that while disulfiram can be useful over a certain period for people who have decided to give up drinking, it is likely that after an initial period of continuous abstinence, the alcoholic patient will try a drink, which tends to lead to relapse, just when he/she was at an advanced stage of recovery. Such late relapses are often unexpected (for both patients and their families), and tend to be associated with immediate negative consequences, which are sometimes so severe that they can be devastating for the patients

La reducción del consumo de alcohol. Un nuevo objetivo en el tratamiento del alcoholismo de baja gravedad