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The specialized literature shows that personality disorders (PD) are highly comorbid with substance use disorder (SUD). The greater dysfunctionality and worse therapeutic response of comorbid patients (Van Den Bosch & Verheul, 2007) highlight the need to assess personality among patients with SUD. The Alternative Personality Disorder Model (APDM) proposed in the DSM-5 presents the organization of personality traits on a dimensional basis (Krueger & Markon, 2014). One of the most commonly used instruments to assess this model is the DSM-5 Personality Inventory (PID-5; Krueger, Derringer, Markon, Watson & Skodol, 2012). It has been considered necessary to find formulas which reconcile the dimensional approach with the categorical decisions of clinical practice (Alarcón, 2010). In this regard, normative cut points have been suggested for the PID-5 which are intended to facilitate clinical decisions (Gutiérrez et al., 2017; Samuel, Hopwood, Krueger, Thomas & Ruggero, 2013). Despite studies showing links between the higher trait values and functional and psychosocial maladjustment (Keeley, Flanagan & McCluskey, 2014), no study to date has analyzed the PID-5’s discriminative capacity with regard to functional impairment. This study analyzes the sensitivity and specificity of each of the traits to detect functional impairment in a group of patients with SUD. In addition, we compare the use of a functional and a normative criterion to establish cut points which represent pathological functioning in the APDM traits. The study involved 178 patients with SUD attending outpatient addiction treatment centers. Men constituted 82.6% of the sample, with a mean age of 41.28 years (SD = 11.24). The Spanish version of the PID-5 Short Form was administered (Díaz-Batanero, Ramírez-López, Domínguez-Salas, Fernández-Calderón & Lozano, 2019). Functional disability was assessed with the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0; Üstün et al., 2010). The instruments were administered by a psychologist with experience in the assessment of patients 15 days after the start of treatment. This study was approved by the ethical committee of the University of Huelva. ROC curves were estimated, with a total score on the WHODAS 2.0 of > 25 as a threshold to classify patients with moderate to extreme disability (Üstün et al., 2010). Cut points were estimated to offer the best balance between sensitivity and specificity in accordance with the functional criterion, with minimum specificity set at .70. These were compared with the normative cut points, calculating T-scores > 65 (Gutiérrez et al., 2017). Discriminative capacity for functional impairment of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form in patients with substance use disorder Capacidad discriminativa del deterioro funcional del Inventario de Personalidad DMS-5 Short Form en pacientes con trastorno por uso de sustancias