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This Thesis deals with the operation of closed-loop and daily-cycle pumped storage hydropower plants participating in the day-ahead energy market and in the frequency regulation service of the Iberian and the Spanish electricity systems, respectively. The pumped storage hydropower plants are equipped with variable-speed pump-turbine units or are operated in hydraulic short-circuit mode in order to further increase their flexibility. Once the most relevant articles from the technical literature have been reviewed, the main gaps and challenges (detected and suggested to be carried out in the Thesis) can be summarised as follows: 1. There is a lack of optimisation models for the short-term operation of pumped storage hydropower plants equipped with variable-speed pump-turbine units, or operated in hydraulic short-circuit mode. Among others, their most promising advantage is that they are also able to regulate power in pumping mode, having the possibility to participate in the frequency regulation service also in the said mode as a controllable load. 2. Including the uncertainty of the real-time use of the assigned reserves is still a pending task that could contribute to obtain a more realistic operation of pumped storage hydropower plants in the frequency regulation service. Hence, the forecast, modelling and analysis of the economic impact of forecasting errors of the mentioned real-time use of reserves can be improved. 3. The hierarchical coordination between the longand short-term to derive end-of-day water storages in the joint day-ahead energy and reserve scheduling of pumped storage hydropower plants is still pending to be further studied. The traditional operation strategy of starting the following day empty may not be optimum to participate in the frequency regulation service during the first hours of each day, when there is usually a big amount of base power plants with little or inefficient regulation capabilities. In this Thesis, several risk-averse optimisation models with look-ahead period are developed for the proposed pumped storage hydropower plants: equipped with variable-speed pumpturbine units or operated in hydraulic short-circuit mode. The models are based on mixed

Optimal joint day-ahead energy and secondary regulation reserve scheduling of pumpedstorage power plants operating with variable speed or in hydraulic short-circuit mode in the iberian electricity market