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Resumen Mejorar el rendimiento termico de los edificios mediante la adaptacion del aislamiento puede reducir la perdida innecesaria de calor y energia minimizando el impacto ambiental. El aislamiento termico interior es a menudo el elegido en los edificios historicos para preservar sus caracteristicas. Sin embargo, el aislamiento interior puede aumentar la acumulacion de humedad en paredes que socavan su durabilidad. Hay una falta de conocimiento sobre la eficacia de solidos muros historicos y el impacto del aislamiento interno en su comportamiento higrotermico. Este articulo investiga las propiedades termicas e hidricas de siete opciones de aislamiento internos, incluyendo la pintura termica, aerogel (AG), corcho-cal (CL), cal-canamo (HL), silicato de calcio bordo (CSB), tablero de fibra de madera (TFB) y placa de polisocianurato (PIR). Sus propiedades se comparan con un enlucido de cal tradicional. El PIR y el aerogel AG muestran extraordinarias propiedades termicas que contribuyen a la comodidad y ahorro de energia, y la CL y HL son permeables al vapor y a la capilaridad. Estos tienen aproximadamente el doble de la masa termica de los otros aislantes. Ademas, la CL tiene una buena inercia termica (segunda difusividad mas baja) y, a pesar de su contenido organico, una adsorcion de baja a alta RH. Abstract Improving the thermal performance of buildings by retrofitting insulation can reduce unnecessary heat loss and building operational energy minimising environmental impact. Internal thermal insulation is often favoured for historic buildings to preserve their features. However, internal insulation may increase moisture accumulation in walls undermining their durability. There is a lack of knowledge on the performance of historic solid walls and the impact of internal insulation in their hygrothermal behaviour. This paper investigates the thermal and hygric properties of seven internal insulation options including thermal paint, aerogel (AG), cork lime (CL), hemp lime (HL), calcium silicate board (CSB), timber fibre board (TFB) and polyisocyanurate (PIR) board. Their properties are compared with a traditional lime plaster. The PIR and aerogel AG show outstanding thermal properties that contribute towards indoor thermal comfort and energy savings and the CL and HL are vapour permeable and capillary active. They have approximately double the thermal mass of the other insulations. In addition, the CL has a good thermal inertia (2nd lowest diffusivity) and, in spite of its organic content, a low adsorption at high RH.

anales de edificación

Propiedades térmicas e hídricas de materiales aislantes apropiadas para fábricas históricas = Thermal and hygric properties of insulation materials suitable for historic fabrics