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Resumen Uno de los factores mas importantes que afectan el comportamiento termico de las paredes exteriores de la construccion es la conductividad termica de ladrillos de arcilla huecos perforados horizontalmente que son ampliamente utilizados en muchos edificios en nuestro pais. Los ladrillos que se encuentran comunmente en las paredes exteriores tienen dimensiones de 13.5x19x19 cm. En este estudio, se eligieron para ser analizados dos tipos diferentes de ladrillos. Un tipo es un horizontal ladrillo hueco perforado estandar de esas dimensiones y el otro tipo es un ladrillo horizontal perforado hueco con las mismas dimensiones pero con sytropor instalado en algunos de los huecos. El efecto conjunto de la conduccion y la transferencia de calor por conveccion natural en este tipo de ladrillo se estudio numericamente para calcular la conductividad termica general de los ladrillos y los demas aspectos tales como la produccion y el diseno del ladrillo. La energia, el impulso, y las ecuaciones de transferencia de masa asociadas con los modelos de ladrillo se han resuelto numericamente mediante el empleo del software comercial llamado ANSYS. La distribucion de la velocidad del aire en los huecos y de la distribucion tipica de temperatura se muestran en las figuras, y se han determinado la conductividad termica y la funcion de la diferencia de temperatura, y los resultados de conductividad termica se compararon con los indicados en las normas. Los resultados muestran que las conductividades termicas de los ladrillos con y sin sytropor son casi la mitad de los que figuran en las normas. Por lo tanto, se puede decir que los valores dados en la norma se consideran extremadamente conservadores. Los resultados tambien muestran que la conveccion natural que ocurre en las cavidades de aire afecta a la conductividad termica por 0,046% y 0,068% en los casos de con y sin sytropor, respectivamente. Abstract One of the most important factors affecting the thermal behavior of building exterior walls is the thermal conductivity of red fired horizontally perforated hollow clay bricks which are widely used in many buildings in our country. The bricks commonly encountered in the exterior walls have dimensions of13.5x19x19cm. In this study, two different types of the bricks were chosen to be analyzed. One type is a 13.5x19x19cm horizontally perforated standard hollow brick and the other type is a 13.5x19x19cm horizontally perforated hollow brick with sytropor board installed in some of the hollows. The conjugate conduction and natural convection heat transfer in these brick types was studied numerically to compute the overall thermal conductivity of the bricks and the further aspects such as the brick production and design were also investigated. The energy, the momentum, and the mass transfer equations associated with the brick models were solved numerically by employing the commercial software called ANSYS. The air velocity distribution in hollows and the typical temperature distribution were shown in figures, and the thermal conductivity as a function of temperature difference were determined and the thermal conductivity results were compared with those given in the standards. The results show that the thermal conductivities of the bricks with and without sytropor board are almost half of those given in the standards. Therefore, it can be said that the values given in the standard are considered to be extremely conservative. The results also show that the natural convection occurring in air cavities affects the thermal conductivity by 0.046% and 0.068% in cases of with and without sytropor board, respectively.

anales de edificación

Investigación de la resistencia térmica de ladrillos de arcilla perforados mediante modelos numéricos = A thermal resistance investigation of red colored perforated clay bricks by numerical modeling