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Ventilator associated pneumonia is the second most common nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) and the most common in mechanically ventilated patients. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the bacteriological profile causing VAP in our institution and finding its incidence by recent NHSN guidelines. Study was conducted for 1 year study period (June 2017May 2018). All the patients were monitored from the time of inclusion in the study for the entire duration of the hospital stay. Relevant details of the patients were included in the study in a structured proforma and surveyed for possible VAP as per the recent NHSN guidelines. Gram stain and semi-quantitative cultures of Purulent Endotracheal aspirates of patients were processed as per standard protocols. The clinical isolates obtained were identified by both conventional and automated methods. Among 104 patients 31 developed PVAP (possible VAP) during their ICU stay; of these two patients had 2 episodes of VAP each, incidence of VAP was 32%. The overall incidence rate was 38.42 /1000VD. Most common isolate was Acinetobacter baumani (38%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%) and Escherichia coli (13.51%). The overall mortality was 48.38%. There is a need for compilation of local epidemiological data at all centers, as such information can help in guiding the initial empirical therapy which would reduce the ICU stay thereby the rate of VAP. K e y w o r d s

international journal of current microbiology and applied sciences

Finding the Incidence of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia by Recent NHSN Guidelines and Its Bacteriological Profile: A Study Conducted in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern India