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El objetivo del presente articulo es revisar las investigaciones empiricas que sustentan el impacto favorable que tienen la religion, religiosidad y espiritualidad como factores protectores en las diversas areas de la vida del ser humano. Se realiza un analisis de cada variable por separado y en conjunto. Entre las conclusiones se senala que las investigaciones evidencian que contribuyen a que las personas tengan mayor autoestima, son una fuente de fortaleza y esperanza, se asocian a una mayor satisfaccion con la vida y bienestar espiritual e incrementan la capacidad de perdon. Sirve de apoyo emocional y social, promueven valores prosociales, se asocian a un menor uso y abuso de drogas y menor tendencia a fumar. Contribuye a una mejor salud fisica y psicologica, ayudan a la prevencion, aceleran la recuperacion y promueven la tolerancia frente al padecimiento de enfermedades. Disminuye la depresion, la ansiedad, la presion sanguinea y el estres. Facilitan una mayor adaptacion, contribuyen al enfrentamiento de la enfermedad y temor a la muerte, por ultimo favorece a un mejor afrontamiento de la condicion de discapacidad asociada a enfermedad cronica. Summary The purpose of this article is to review the empirical researches supporting the positive impact of religion, religiosity and spirituality as protective factors in various areas of human life. An analysis of each variable is performed individually and collectively. Among the conclusions of this work, researches show that they help people to have more self-esteem, are a source of strength and hope, are associated with greater satisfaction with life and spiritual well-being and increase the capacity for forgiveness. They provide emotional and social support, promote prosocial values, are associated with less use and abuse of drugs and less tendency to smoke. They help to have better physical and psychological health, contribute to prevention and help to speed recovery and promote tolerance to diseases. They help to decrease depression, anxiety, blood pressure and stress. They contribute to a better adaptation, help to cope with the disease and fear of death. Finally, they help to better deal with disability condition associated with chronic disease.

Review of empirical studies on impact of religion, religiosity and spirituality as protective factors