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Essential oils (EOs) obtained from fresh and dry aerial parts of Libyan Pituranthos chloranthus were analyzed and isolated by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) and hydro-distillation technique. The main constituents of the EOs obtained from fresh herb of P. chloranthus were found to be α-pinene, sabinene, cis-β-ocimene, and myrcene whereas the major components of the EOs derived from dry herb of P. chloranthus were α-phellandrene, Δ-3-carene, and β-phellandrene. Minor changes in the phytochemical compositions of the P. chloranthus EOs obtained from fresh or dry herbs; however, the major constituents were found to be α-pinene, sabinene, cis-β-ocimene, myrcene, αphellandrene, Δ-3-carene, and β-phellandrene with approximate amounts of p-cymene, limonene, trans-βocimene, γ-terpinene, and cis-verbenol. The paper-disc agar diffusion method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of P. chloranthus, and the results showed that the EOs extracted from fresh herb had a significant inhibitory effect against most of the tested bacteria.

Phytochemical Constituents and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oils of Libyan Pituranthos chloranthus on Different Species of Bacteria