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Background: Erythema multiforme is an acute mucocutaneus disease which is caused by the hypersensitivity reaction. It is characterized by target lesions on the skin or ulcerative oral lesion. Etiology of the disease is unknown, it is currently considered as immunologic disease. The triggering factors is the use of certain type of drugs like antibiotics, anticonvulsant, and NSAID. Most of the dentists do not know about it is mechanism, so a lot of people consider it as a malpractice. Purpose: This paper reported a case of a man, 46 years old which had ulcerative oral mucous, peeled and pain lips after taking carbamazepine drugs. Case: The clinical diagnosis of this case was erythema multiforme because of the hypersensitivity reaction as the result of taking carbamazepine. Case management: The final diagnosis based on anamnesis history of taking systemic drugs and clinical manifestation of erythema multiforme in the oral cavity. The drugs therapy that had been given were antihistamine, oral corticosteroid, gargle liquid contained of topical anesthetic, corticosteroid, and antibiotic. Conclusion: In this case, it can be concluded that erythema multiforme appeared was triggered by taking carbamazepine as the drug of choice for trigeminal neuralgia therapy. These drugs can cause type III hypersensitivity reaction. The final diagnosis based on anamnesis history of taking carbamazepine before lesions erupted and the characterized clinical manifestation. Latar belakang: Erythema multiforme adalah penyakit mukokutaneus akut yang menyerang kulit dan mukosa sebagai akibat dari reaksi hipersensitivitas. Secara karakteristik ditandai oleh lesi target pada kulit atau lesi ulserasi pada mukosa rongga mulut. Etiologi penyakit ini belum jelas, diduga karena adanya reaksi imunologi. Pencetusnya dikarenakan adanya pemakaian obat-obatan tertentu seperti antibiotik, antikonvulsan dan NSAID. Banyak dokter gigi kurang memahami mekanisme timbulnya penyakit ini, sehingga oleh masyarakat dianggap sebagai malpraktek. Tujuan: Tulisan ini melaporkan kasus pasien pria berusia 46 tahun dengan keluhan sariawan dan bibir terkelupas dan sakit setelah sehari meminum obat karbamazepin. Kasus: Diagnosis klinis kasus ini adalah erythema multifome karena reaksi hipersensitivitas terhadap pemakaian obat karbamazepin. Tatalaksana kasus: Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis riwayat pemakaian obat sistemik dan manifestasi klinis dari erythema multiforme pada rongga mulut. Pengobatan yang diberikan adalah antihistamin, kortikosteroid oral, obat kumur dengan anastesi topikal, kortikosteroid topikal dan antibiotik topikal. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa erythema multiforme yang timbul pada kasus ini dipicu oleh pemakaian obat karbamazepin yang merupakan obat pilihan untuk terapi trigeminal neuralgia. Obat ini menimbulkan efek samping reaksi hipersensitivitas tipe III. Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesa riwayat pemakaian obat karbamazepin sebelum timbulnya lesi dan pemeriksaan klinis pada pasien.

Erythema multiforme as the result of taking carbamazepine