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Background : Odontoblasts are the cells lining of tooth’s hard structure at the dentin-pulp border, which become the first cells encountered oral microorganisms entering dentin. However, they do not only form a physical barrier by producing dentin, but also provide an innate immune barrier for the tooth. Purpose : The aim of this review was to discuss the potential role of odontoblasts in the innate immune response of the dental pulp. Reviews : Recent studies have proven that odontoblasts express toll-like receptors, and capable of producing chemokines (i.e. IL-8, CCL2, CXCL2, and CXCL10), and cytokines (IL-1 β and TNF- α ) following lipopolysacharide exposure. Thereby odontoblasts are actively participating in the recruitment of immune cells in response to caries–derived bacterial products. Furthermore, odontoblasts also produce antimicrobial peptides (hBD-1, hBD-2, and hBD-3), and transform growth factor β that induce antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Conclusion : The presence of those innate immune molecules indicates that the nonspecific, natural, and rapidly acting defense may also be an important function of odontoblasts.

Potential role of odontoblasts in the innate immune response of the dental pulp