English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background: Uses of hormonal contraceptives by women have been shown to be associated with alteration in several blood and cardiovascular properties. In the light of this, the present study was designed to investigate effects of two different combinations of oral contraceptives on erythrocyte sedimentation rate, total protein, albumin, globulin and fibrinogen in women. Materials and Methods: The study involved 50 volunteer female undergraduate students of University of Port Harcourt (20-30 years of age), who were not on contraceptives served as control (group I). Group II consisted of 30 women who were on combined oral contraceptives (methyloestranolone 5mg and methyloestradiol 0.3mg), and group III consisted of 40 women who were on norgesterol-estradiol (1mg and 50μg respectively). These were apparently healthy women attending the Family Planning Units of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital who were age-matched with the control group. Results: The results showed that while high estrogen combined contraceptives (group II) significantly increased ESR, globulin and fibrinogen; it significantly reduced total protein and albumin compared with the control group (p<0.05). Group III (low estrogen combined contraceptives) did not alter ESR, total protein, albumin, globulin and fibrinogen significantly when compared with the control group. Comparison between groups II and III showed that low estrogen content combined contraceptives (group III) significantly reduced erythrocyte sedimentation rate, globulin and fibrinogen, while it significantly increased total protein and albumin. Conclusion: It is therefore concluded that high estrogen content combined oral contraceptive by markedly altering serum total protein, albumin, globulin and fibrinogen distribution to increase erythrocyte sedimentation rate in apparently healthy women has the potential of increasing risk for associated inflammatory cardiovascular disorders in users if taken without caution. This is more important as chronic use of oral contraceptives containing estrogen may increase risk of raising blood pressure and the development of hypertension in users.

The Influence of Combined Oral Contraceptive on Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin and Fibrinogen in Women