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Despite of ongoing civilization progresses there are numerous cases of human intoxications resulting from interactions with animals. Data on causes of hospital admissions secondary to contacts with venomous animals and subsequent toxic effects (X20-X27 and T63 according to ICD-10) in the years 2006-2012, made available due to courtesy of the public healthcare insurance provider Narodowy Fundusz Zdrowia in Lower Silesia region of Poland (NFZ), were analyzed. The aim of the retrospective study was to reveal current incidence and trends in the most common and important contacts with venomous animals in the analyzed time period as knowing it can facilitate the process of diagnostics for both clinical and forensic medicine purposes. The study revealed that the most common treated in hospital health problems resulting from contacts with animals were associated not with vertebrate but with arthropods especially hornets, wasps, bees and arthropods other than scorpions and spiders; there was a significant rising trend in such contacts occurring at humans’ homes. The rising trend in hospital admissions due to toxic effects of snake venom shall be attributed in the first place to the growing popularity of tourism practiced on foot in areas inhabited by snakes. The rapid increase in hospitalizations number due to toxic effects of contact with scorpion and venomous fishes results most probably from keeping them as pets at private houses as they are absent among natural Polish fauna. It is very difficult to detect envenoming or toxic effect of contact with an unknown exotic animal so it is crucial for forensic medicine practitioners to gain information from clinical history, witnesses’ reports and scene evaluation. At the national level there is the need for creation of an animal toxic substances reference standards bank serving for the purposes of both clinical and forensic toxicological analyses.

arc journal of forensic science

Analysis of Medical Interventions due to Toxic Effects of Contacts with Animals, Including Envenoming (X20-X27 and T63 ICD-10) in Lower Silesia Region of Poland in Years 2006-2012