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The idea of using air or gas as a circulating medium in drilling was introduced in early 1950’s. Despite the fact that this application was initially basic, petroleum engineers had an opportunity to increase bit life and penetration rates. Since then, developments have been experienced in the techniques used in air and gas drilling. This explains why the drilling method is widely used as a method of reducing the drilling cost and time required to achieve a certain output. An increase in the cost per foot of hole created a need for the operators to come up with drilling techniques associated with better penetration rates. Through continuous improvements in air drilling practices and equipment, engineers continue to achieve notable increases in ROP over the rates obtained when a liquid medium is used. Air drilling has moved from the use of small compressors at low pressures to the use of larger compressors, volumes and pressures. Practical experience in this field made engineers to take 3000 feet per minute as the ideal annular velocity to sufficiently clean the cuttings from the well (Gilbert & Tucker, 1968).

A Comprehensive Overview of the Use of Compressible Drilling Fluids, Advantages and Challenges