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The seminary (Howza), as the representative of religion, and the state, as the representative of politics, has brought about different patterns of the convergence-divergence relationship in Iran’s history. In this regard, the relationship of the first Pahlavi king (Reza Shah) and the Seminary is of special ambiguity and complexity which is the subject of this paper. The question posed in this respect is: “What components have been effective in the relationship of the Qom Seminary 1 and the State in the years between1921 and 1941?” This paper focuses on the hypothesis that from the beginning of the political life of Reza Shah to1930, due to lack of cohesion and institutional power of the central government, the two institutions of the State and the Seminary had an interactive relationship for the establishment of order and security in the society; however, after the centralization and consolidation of the power of Reza Shah, competition and antagonism replaced interaction and convergence. The findings of the paper that are obtained in the descriptive-analytic method and by means of the discourse analysis theory of Laclau and Mouffe, show that the emergence of the two discourses of archaism and Islamism has been the result of this competition and antagonism.

Analysis of the Relationship between the First Pahlavi’s Authoritarian Modernization Discourse and the Islamist Discourse in Iran