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External migration also known as international migration is very common in developing countries worldwide where citizens leave their home countries to go to other countries. In most cases parents leave their children behind due to many factors for instance some migrants enter the receiving country illegally and taking children along can be risky, there may be difficulties in receiving countries, temporary migration, unfavorable immigration policies in the receiving countries among others (Bălţătescu, Hatos & Oșvat, 2014). Out migration is considered voluntary or involuntary on the parent‟s side. According to Flahaux and De Haas (2016), the African continent is regarded to be with the most mobile populaces in the world, it is stereotyped to be a continent on the move. Out-migration is also prominent in the Caribbean islands of America in countries like Guyana, Haiti, and Jamaica among other countries. Most studies have been carried out in these countries on the effects of migration on children as well as families left behind. Crawford-Brown (1994) in a study in Jamaica coined the word „barrel children‟ to refer to Jamaican children deprived of their parents and are products of what is termed „stepwise migration‟.

international journal of humanities, social sciences and education

A Comparative Analysis on the Social Wellbeing of Adolescents with Parents in the Diaspora and those with Parents in the Home Country. A Case Study of Adolescents at Nemakonde High School: Mashonaland West Region, Zimbabwe