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Background: Ethnomedicinal study of wild plants and the threats to them was conducted at Ziro, Arunachal Pradesh, India. The objective of the study was to identify and document wild plants, the associated ethnobotanical knowledge of the local people and the threats that exist to the plants. Materials and Methods: Ethnomedicinal data on wild edible fruits were collected using a guided methodology, semi-structured interviews, and field observations. The information was verified by cross-checking it among the informants. Descriptive statistics and pairwise ranking of threat factors were employed to gather the ethnobotanical data. Results: We documented 30 wild plants distributed in 28 genera and 22 families based on local claims of use as medicine. Most of them are dicots, 3 monocots and 2 pteridophytes. The common families that encompass more number of wild medicinal plant species were Asteraceae and Solanaceae (four species each), followed by Berberidaceae and Lauraceae(two species), and the remaining 18 families contributed one species each. Conclusion: The study showed the existence of wild medicinal plants that act asailments of different disease. The informants stated that wild medicinal plants are threatened due to increased anthropogenic pressure, some of which are under the “IUCN Red List of Threatened Species”, enlist as “Endangered” and “Least Concern” categories. This calls for urgent and collaborative action to keep the balance between medicinal plant availability in the wild and their utilisation by the community. The results of this study also indicate that carrying out subsequent pharmacological and phytochemical investigations on these wild fruits could lead to new drug discoveries.

Ethnomedicine of Wild Plants of Ziro, Arunachal Pradesh