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In the large urban areas, in middle latitudes, as in case of Poland, the cause of poor air quality is immission: in winter particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5, in summer – ozone and nitrogen oxides (or nitrogen dioxide). In the whole country, road transport is significantly responsible for the emission of nitrogen oxides (30%), carbon monoxide (20%) and less for emission of particulate matter (a few percent). In the case of other pollutants, the emission of non-metallic organic compounds is less than 10% (including polycyclic organic compounds – just over 0.5%), and sulfur oxides – only 0.03%! To analyze impact of automotive industry on air quality, pollutant emission data from two stations in Krakow were selected. These stations are known for poor air quality – the stations are: Dietla Street – with a high level of traffic and Kurdwanów – place located far from traffic routes. It was found that other objects than automotive vehicles are the dominant source of dust. These are industrial sources and – above all – energy sources, especially individual heating installations. Particularly large dust pollution occurs in winter and it is not always in areas with intense traffic. There was a strong dependence between immission of pollutants and road traffic, however, this dependence is not dominant in assessing the risk of air quality in urban agglomerations.

Impact of pollutant emission from motor vehicles on air quality in a city agglomeration