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The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and risk factors of caseous lymphadenitis in sheep in the Orien­tal region in Morocco, and to determine its clinical and lesion characteristics. Surveys were conducted in different provinces of the region. They focused on 6376 animals in 107 farms. In addition, search for lesions, and lymph node and abscess collection for histopathological examination were performed in five slaughterhouses of the region. The results showed that almost 100% of the farms (106 out of 107) were affected by caseous lymphadenitis. The overall individual prevalence of the disease was 24%, and the average prevalence in farms and slaughterhouses were 28 and 16%, respectively. Besides the poor hygiene and high density of sheep in houses, use of trau­matic equipment (metal feeders, drinkers and fences) seemed to be the main factor that lead to the spread of abscesses between animals of a same herd. Superficial abscesses, open or not, surrounded by enlarged lymph nodes were present in all affected animals. The location of the lesions varied but about 79% of them were located in the head or the neck. Histopathological examination of lymph nodes revealed two types: active abscesses (87%), and lesions of diffuse and severe necrosis and suppuration of the lymphoid tissues (13%). In the lungs, abscesses were well defined and circum­scribed.

Facteurs de risque et caractéristiques cliniques et lésionnelles de la lymphadénite caséeuse ou maladie des abcès chez les ovins au Maroc