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The 225,000 ha Yangambi Biosphere Reserve (Democratic Republic of Congo) is one of the main protected areas under threat from human activities in the region. Despite its inclusion in the worldwide network of biosphere reserves since the 1970s, there are still a great many gaps in knowledge as regards land use dynamics. An approach based on satellite image analysis (Landsat TM, ETM+ and OLI) and field studies was implemented to study the dynamics of land use in the reserve from 1986 to 2016. The annual rate of deforestation increased from 0.18% in 1986-2003 to 0.38% from 2003 to 2016. During the latter period, the deforestation rate was higher in primary forests (4.5%) than secondary forests (0.4%). Four zones with distinct socio-environmental dynamics were identified, each requiring a different management approach. These are the INERA logging concession, zones close to main roads, zones along more or less abandoned roads and isolated zones in the central part of the reserve. The main causes of deforestation cited by the inhabitants were slash-and-burn farming (54% of households), artisanal ore extraction (17%) and the manufacture of dug-out canoes (8%). The underlying causes are demographic pressure with few improvements in living conditions or agricultural techniques, and expansion of the road network, which promotes trade. These deforestation dynamics in a forest included in the worldwide network of biosphere reserves is compromising the State’s goal of extending the network of protected areas to cover 15% of the country.

bois and forets des tropiques

Dynamique de la déforestation dans la Réserve de biosphère de Yangambi (République démocratique du Congo) : variabilité spatiale et temporelle au cours des 30 dernières années