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In Brazil’s Para State, 60% of potentially managed forests are on community lands, while commercial timber concessions cannot cover more than half of current demand. With a few exceptions, traditional communities and smallholder families have neither the technical knowhow nor the economic capacity to conduct commercial logging operations: these are undertaken through agreements with a company under varying arrangements. Given this context, contracts between communities and companies are highly variable and always lead to the company exercising complete control over all operations, from management plans through to production. Public policies and land tenure regulations are now seeking to improve local community capacities for protecting their interests in partnerships of this kind. This study analyses how the financial business framework compares with smallholder organisation in the execution of these contracts, and addresses the key factors that could ensure better control: pre-logging inventories, diversification of production to include non-timber forest products as well as timber, marketing, monitoring and inspections of logging operations. Some possibilities of public policies are put forward to help disseminate the smallholder development under different land tenure regimes, such as conservation units in production forests or agricultural production boundaries. The article discusses ways in which a public service for technical and financial assistance to farmers and communities could act and become established. The potential for integrating forest management into small-scale farming systems is discussed in the light of the current debate on reform of the forest code.

Le potentiel de la production forestière paysanne en Amazonie brésilienne