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This paper presents a battery management system for lead-acid battery banks used in e-vehicle. It is incorporated with a diagnostic, measurement, and monitoring system for improving Lead-acid battery performance up to its efficiency and conservation. This matter calls the need for research on traction batteries as an insatiate demand exists for smaller vehicles with lightweight and portable equipment. It is extensive that batteries are strictly assessed and diagnosed before having them rented or exchanged for their condition to be highly maintained. The measurement of the battery’s State-ofCharge and State-of-Health is derived from its load voltage, no-load voltage, load current, and temperature during experimentation. The estimation of State-of-Charge, State-of-Health, Discharge Rate, and Remaining Useful Life are then derived by utilizing the concept of correlation and regression from the yielded real-time parameters recorded to the SD card module. This study paves the approach for the comprehensive and continuous progress of battery identification, monitoring, and diagnosis that is a thorough advancement in the E-Vehicle industry.

Arduino-based battery monitoring system with state of charge and remaining useful time estimation