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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes extensive morbidity and mortality in animals and human who are immuno compromised or have underlying infection such as urinary tract, respiratory tract and skin infections and primarily causes of nosocomial infections, and it is frequently resistant to commonly used antibiotics and disinfectants [1,2]. P. aeruginosa was found only produce exotoxin A which released normally outside the cells [3]. Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces large numbers of extracellular toxins, which include phytotoxic factor, pigments, hydrocyanic acid, proteolytic enzymes, phospholipase, enterotoxin, exotoxin, and slime [1]. The most important factor in the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa is the elaboration of a group of exotoxins (protein in nature). These exotoxins could cause leukopenia, acidosis, circulatory collapse, necrosis of liver, pulmonary edema, hemorrhage, and tubular necrosis of kidneys. Passive administration of antitoxic sera against these exotoxins can protect against lethal infections with P. aeruginosa in the absence of antibody against the cellular antigens [4]. Environmental Mastitis in cow commonly caused by P. aeruginosa which found everywhere in farms, water and medical equipment’s so it is zoonotic transmission. Forty-five pathogenic bacterial isolates were identified as P. aeruginosa which isolated from Eighty-two cows suffering from mastitis, five cases were diagnosed as gangrenous mastitis. Twenty-five isolates were found producing exotoxin A as detected by specific ELISA kit. Isolate PA15 was found able to produce 32.08 ng/ml of active exotoxin A (ETA) with a protein of about 0.063 mg/ml. Molecular weight of the toxin was determined to be 65,000 Dalton. Three dose of ETA (125, 250 and 500) ng/ml were given orally for seven days to experimental animals (mice) to measure the cytogenetic effects of this toxin by employing the following parameters (mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN), chromosomal aberrations (Cas) and sperm abnormalities) in compression with negative control PBS (phosphate buffer saline). Abstract

Cytogenetic Study for the Effect of Exotoxin a in Mice Caused by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Mastitic Cow