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espanolSe caracterizaron los subsistemas de pasturas braquiarias en hatos de tropico humedo en el departamento del Caqueta, Colombia. La investigacion se realizo en cinco municipios, donde fueron seleccionados 20 agroecosistemas con predominio de pasturas B. decumbens o B. humidicola, y se desarrollo en dos fases: 1) estatica, mediante fichas de caracterizacion se midieron variables biofisicas del predio, de praderas, de los animales y socio-economicas, y 2) dinamica, se evaluo el desempeno productivo de pasturas y animales. El analisis de variables cualitativas se realizo mediante tablas de contingencia y analisis de correspondencias, y de las cuantitativas, empleando estadistica descriptiva y, posteriormente, estadistica multivariada (ACP y conglomerados). Los agroecosistemas tienen 83±11 % del area en pastos, el 100 % cuentan con division y rotacion de praderas, con periodos de ocupacion de 3,71±3,33 dias, el 15 % tienen bancos de proteina, el 85 % dependen de la actividad ganadera, el 80 % son manejados por propietarios y en el 10 % realizan enmiendas al suelo. El control de arvenses vario del mecanico, al quimico y al mixto. La productividad de materia seca fue 1.825,93±905,92 kg/ha/corte, capacidad de carga de 0,73 UA/ha, con productividad de leche de 1.492,95±416,55 kg/ha/ano. En conclusion, los agroecosistemas son de agricultura familiar, dedicados al doble proposito, con moderada tecnificacion y productividad. EnglishThis study aims at characterizing the sub-systems of Brachiaria grasslands in humid tropic herds in five municipalities of the department of Caqueta, Colombia. To achieve this, we selected 20 farms with predominance of B. decumbes and B. humidicola, and divided the study into two phases: 1) static, in which we measured the socio-economic and the biophysical variables of the farm, the meadows, and the animals through characterization sheets; and 2) dynamic, in which we evaluated the productive performance of grasslands and animals. The qualitative variables were analyzed by contingence tables and correspondence analysis; while the quantitative variables, by descriptive statistics and, subsequently, multivariate statistics (PCA and clusters). The farms have 83±11 % of area in grasslands, 100 % divide and rotate the meadows, with periods of occupation of 3.71±3.33 days; in addition, 15 % of the farms have protein banks, 85 % depend on livestock activity, 80 % are owner managed, and 10% amend the soil. Weed control varies among mechanical, chemical, and mixed. The productivity of dry matter was 1,825.93±905.92 kg/ha/court, the grassland load capacity was 0.73 AU/ha, with milk yield of 1,492.95±416.55 kg/ha/year. In conclusion, the studied farms are dual-purpose family farms, with moderate technification and productivity.

Caracterización de subsistemas de pasturas braquiarias en hatos de trópico húmedo, Caquetá, Colombia