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espanolIntroduccion: en los ultimos anos, el aumento de cepas resistentes a los antimicrobianos puede deberse a su uso indiscriminado y excesivo. La Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha promovido la vigilancia mundial de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos; sin embargo, la mayor limitante es la falta de datos confiables en algunos paises. Estudios como el Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular Microorganisms (ARMOR), de 2009 y 2013, y el Tracking Resistance in the United States Today (TRUST) refieren que el microorganismo mas prevalente en infecciones en el mundo es el Staphylococcus aureus y un alto porcentaje son Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente (SAMR), que son de gran importancia para la salud publica por su alta resistencia a los antimicrobianos. Objetivo: identificar los principales perfiles de resistencia antimicrobiana de bacterias aisladas de infecciones o de la microbiota ocular. Metodos: revision sistematica de la literatura en las bases de datos EBSCOhost: Academic Search, Medline, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Springer, PubMed y Google Academic, con las palabras clave ocular, antimicrobial y resistance, entre 2010 y 2017. Resultados: se analizaron 30 articulos de los ultimos siete anos sobre resistencia antimicrobiana. En la mayoria de paises predomino el genero Staphylococcus (S. aureus, 45 %; ECN, 37 %), Pseudomona (8 %) y Streptococcus (7 %). Los porcentajes mas bajos fueron de Corynebacterium (2 %) y Klebsiella (1 %). Conclusiones: la mayoria de los aislados del globo ocular reportados en el contexto mundial presentan resistencia a los betalactamicos. El incremento en la resistencia a estos antibioticos implica un grave problema terapeutico en el ambito hospitalario. EnglishIntroduction: the increase in strains resistant to antimicrobials in recent years may be due to their indiscriminate and excessive use. The World Health Organization (WHO) has promoted global surveillance of antimicrobial resistance; however, the biggest limitation is a lack of reliable data in some countries. Studies such as the Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular Microorganisms (ARMOR) (2009 and 2013) and the Tracking Resistance in the United States Today (TRUST) report that the most prevalent microorganism in infections worldwide is Staphylococcus aureus, with a high percentage of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which are of great importance for public health due to their high resistance to antimicrobials. Objetive: To identify the main antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacteria isolated from infections or from ocular microbiota. Methods: A systematic review of literature in EBSCOhost databases: Academic Search, Medline, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Springer, PubMed, and Google Academics, with keywords such as ocular, antimicrobial, and resistance, between 2010 and 2017. Results: 30 articles on antimicrobial resistance from the last seven years were analyzed. In most countries, the genus Staphylococcus (S. aureus, 45%, NEC, 37%), Pseudomonas (8%) and Streptococcus (7%) were predominant. The lowest percentages were Corynebacterium (2%) and Klebsiella (1%). Conclusions: Most of the ocular isolates reported in the global context show resistance to beta-lactams. Increased resistance to these antibiotics implies a serious therapeutic problem in the hospital setting.

Perfil de resistencia antimicrobiana de bacterias aisladas de infecciones y de la microbiota ocular