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The ophidian accident represents a major public health problem in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The common rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus cumanensis) is the most abundant snake of the genus Crotalus in Venezuela. The objective was to determine the serum changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CK) in rats, induced by the poison of Crotalus durissus cumanensis, as well as the establishment of histopathological effects. Five experimental groups were prepared with 3 rats each, reserving a placebo control group (G1), which was treated by IP route with 100 μL of sterile Physiological Saline Solution (SSFe), the rest of the animals were administered 50 μg of venom native by the same route, which were sacrificed at 1 (G2), 3 (G3), 6 (G4) and 9 (G5) hours post-inoculation, with serum samples taken for determinations of said enzymes, as well as different organs for histopathological studies (heart, skeletal muscle, liver and kidney). An increase in ALT (p <0.005) was observed from the first hour post injection, with a peak at the ninth hour of 147 ± 8 IU / L; for AST (p <0.005) from the first hour post-injection with peak concentration at the sixth hour (293 ± 8 IU / L); with respect to LDH (p <0.005), a maximum peak of 2700 ± 8 IU / L was recorded at the ninth hour post-injection. CK (p <0.005) registered a maximum concentration peak at the sixth hour (1489.66 ± 8.5 IU / L). Histopathological results in cardiac tissue showed Zenker hyperemia, congestion, and necrosis; in skeletal muscle hyperemia, inf lammatory infiltrate, Zenker’s necrosis; in liver extravasation of red blood cells, sinus congestion, telangiectasia and inf lammatory infiltrate in the centrilobular vein; the kidney showed hemorrhage in contoured tubules, inf lammatory infiltrate, collapse of the tubules until loss of the organ architecture. The observed effects were time-dependent. The results could indicate a possible myotoxic and hepatotoxic effect.

Efectos bioquímicos e histopatológicos en ratas inducidos por el veneno de Crotalus durissus cumanensis del municipio Falcón, estado Falcón, Venezuela