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Considering the features of non-uniformly distributed traffic load and possibly existing of the traffics requiring different performance in wireless sensor networks, this study proposes , a novel routing protocol based on an improved Ant colony optimization routing algorithm. The algorithm concentrates on the provision of Quality of Service in multi-criteria routing algorithm such as hop count, energy consumption, resident power, bandwidth and end to end delay. These metrics are used by means of colored pheromones of the ant colony system. There are different ants with colored pheromones, which each color is for a level of service. Simulation experiments show that the proposed algorithm has many advantages comparing with existing algorithm: proposing different service classes such as Real time and Best effort traffic; achieve slower delay and longer lifetime; besides, the proposed method behaves more scalable and robust.

An Efficient Multi-criteria Routing Algorithm using Ant Colony with Colored Pheromones in Wireless Sensor Networks