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I must begin by thanking Professor McFarlane for his care and critique of my article (KEENAN 1989). The article was intended to be provocative if not very ambitious. It is in large part a descriptive piece about popular culture in the West and how it attempts to embrace the traditional martial arts of the East. I performed no sociological analysis that might have provided a full picture of what a statistically significant portion of modern martial artists do and think. It is interesting that Dr. Stewart McFarlane who teaches the only university-level course on the martial arts in the U.K.-has taken up the cudgel, for many of the ideas expressed were worked out in conversations with Minoru Kiyota-who is the only Buddhologist to teach a university-level course in the martial arts (in this case kenda) in the U.S.A. It pleases me that McFarlane found my article sometimes perceptive; perhaps that is the best one can hope for! Such a careful reading deserves an equally careful response. Although there is agreement between McFarlane and myself on the broad issues about martial arts practice, I find most of his specific criticisms wide of the mark and would like to both clarify my critique and expand my criticism. I will respond to McFarlane's points of argument in the order he presents them. His first point is that I claim that "Eastern martial arts have been appropriated by the West and shorn of all spiritual and humanistic value and are now practiced for athletic prowess or street-smart fighting." Fortunately, being of an usually temperate character, I

The mystique of martial arts: A response to Professor McFarlane